A "raster" image is a rectangular grid of pixels where each pixel is assigned a color.For example, a raster image with 4 columns of pixels (A, B, C, and D) and 4 rows of pixels (1, 2, 3, and 4) could have the pixel at 4B red, at 3A blue, at 4D yellow, all of row 1 (except 1C) black, all of column C green, and everything else white.
Of course, lots of raster images are quite a bit larger than this 4 by 4 one - they also aren't described by human-readable text normally, but instead using one of a huge number of "codec"s, or file formats. These formats are also sometimes called file types or standards. Here's a few common ones: (this isn't nece